Fasting blood glucose levels are associated with cholesterol and triglyceride levels in patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Dyslipidemia is a condition characterized by elevated total cholesterol or triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, or a combination of these abnormalities. In patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM), the most common dyslipidemia pattern is hypertriglyceridemia, decreased HDL cholesterol levels, and increased LDL particle levels, which increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with DM. This study aimed to demonstrate the relationships between cholesterol, triglyceride, and BMI levels and fasting blood glucose in patients with DM. This study used a correlational analysis design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample size in this study was 40 adult patients with DM recruited from the Mojo and Kenjeran Community Health Centers in Surabaya using purposive sampling. Data collection used secondary data obtained from the Mojo and Kenjeran Community Health Centers in July 2024. Data analysis to assess the correlation between cholesterol, triglyceride levels, and BMI with blood glucose levels was performed using Pearson correlation. These factors indicate a relationship if the significance value is less than 0.05 or the calculated r value exceeds the table r (0.312). Based on the Pearson correlation test results, there is a significant relationship between cholesterol and triglyceride levels and fasting blood glucose levels, with significance values (p) of 0.022 and 0.23, respectively. BMI data shows no significant relationship with blood glucose levels, with a p-value of 0.939. Fasting blood glucose levels in this study showed a significant and positive relationship with cholesterol and triglyceride levels, but were not significantly related to BMI. This condition requires attention because patients with DM have a risk of developing complications, especially atherosclerosis.