OVERVIEW OF PRE-HOSPITAL NURSING INTERVENTIONS IN TRAUMA AND NON-TRAUMA CASES AT PMI AMBULANCE SERVICES OF SIDOARJO REGENCY

Abstract

Pre-hospital nursing care is an essential component of emergency services provided from the onset of an emergency until the patient receives further care at a health facility. This study aimed to describe pre-hospital nursing interventions in trauma and non-trauma cases at PMI Ambulance Services of Sidoarjo Regency. This study employed a descriptive design with a retrospective approach. The sample consisted of 103 patient records obtained from the ambulance service registry of PMI Sidoarjo Regency for 2022–2024 using total sampling. The study variables included case type, response time, level of consciousness, blood pressure, pulse rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and pre-hospital nursing interventions. Data were analyzed descriptively and presented as frequency and percentage distributions. Most patients were trauma cases (72; 69.9%), while 31 patients (30.1%) were non-trauma cases. Most ambulance services had a fast response time of ≤15 minutes (70; 68.0%). Level of consciousness was dominated by Compos Mentis (80; 77.7%). Most patients had normal pulse rate (88; 85.4%), normal respiratory rate (89; 86.4%), and normal oxygen saturation (92; 89.3%), while 63 patients (61.2%) had blood pressure categorized as abnormal. The most frequently performed intervention was vital signs assessment (103; 100%), followed by evacuation (81; 78.6%), wound care (61; 59.2%), and observation (42; 40.8%). In trauma cases, wound care was the most frequent intervention (59; 81.9%), whereas in non-trauma cases evacuation (30; 96.8%) and observation (25; 80.6%) were most frequent. These findings indicate that pre-hospital nursing interventions at PMI Ambulance Services of Sidoarjo Regency were provided according to the clinical condition and needs of patients in trauma and non-trauma cases.